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  <div class="section" id="module-robotparser">
<span id="robotparser-parser-for-robots-txt"></span><h1>13.3. <a class="reference internal" href="#module-robotparser" title="robotparser: Loads a robots.txt file and answers questions about fetchability of other URLs."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">robotparser</span></tt></a> &#8212;  Parser for robots.txt<a class="headerlink" href="#module-robotparser" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<div class="admonition note" id="index-0">
<p class="first admonition-title">Note</p>
<p class="last">The <a class="reference internal" href="#module-robotparser" title="robotparser: Loads a robots.txt file and answers questions about fetchability of other URLs."><tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">robotparser</span></tt></a> module has been renamed <tt class="xref py py-mod docutils literal"><span class="pre">urllib.robotparser</span></tt> in
Python 3.
The <a class="reference internal" href="../glossary.html#term-to3"><em class="xref std std-term">2to3</em></a> tool will automatically adapt imports when converting
your sources to Python 3.</p>
</div>
<p>This module provides a single class, <a class="reference internal" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser" title="robotparser.RobotFileParser"><tt class="xref py py-class docutils literal"><span class="pre">RobotFileParser</span></tt></a>, which answers
questions about whether or not a particular user agent can fetch a URL on the
Web site that published the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file.  For more details on the
structure of <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> files, see <a class="reference external" href="http://www.robotstxt.org/orig.html">http://www.robotstxt.org/orig.html</a>.</p>
<dl class="class">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser">
<em class="property">class </em><tt class="descclassname">robotparser.</tt><tt class="descname">RobotFileParser</tt><big>(</big><em>url=''</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>This class provides methods to read, parse and answer questions about the
<tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file at <em>url</em>.</p>
<dl class="method">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.set_url">
<tt class="descname">set_url</tt><big>(</big><em>url</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.set_url" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Sets the URL referring to a <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.read">
<tt class="descname">read</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.read" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Reads the <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> URL and feeds it to the parser.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.parse">
<tt class="descname">parse</tt><big>(</big><em>lines</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.parse" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Parses the lines argument.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.can_fetch">
<tt class="descname">can_fetch</tt><big>(</big><em>useragent</em>, <em>url</em><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.can_fetch" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">True</span></tt> if the <em>useragent</em> is allowed to fetch the <em>url</em>
according to the rules contained in the parsed <tt class="file docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt>
file.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.mtime">
<tt class="descname">mtime</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.mtime" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Returns the time the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file was last fetched.  This is
useful for long-running web spiders that need to check for new
<tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> files periodically.</p>
</dd></dl>

<dl class="method">
<dt id="robotparser.RobotFileParser.modified">
<tt class="descname">modified</tt><big>(</big><big>)</big><a class="headerlink" href="#robotparser.RobotFileParser.modified" title="Permalink to this definition">¶</a></dt>
<dd><p>Sets the time the <tt class="docutils literal"><span class="pre">robots.txt</span></tt> file was last fetched to the current
time.</p>
</dd></dl>

</dd></dl>

<p>The following example demonstrates basic use of the RobotFileParser class.</p>
<div class="highlight-python"><div class="highlight"><pre><span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="kn">import</span> <span class="nn">robotparser</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">rp</span> <span class="o">=</span> <span class="n">robotparser</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">RobotFileParser</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">set_url</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;http://www.musi-cal.com/robots.txt&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">read</span><span class="p">()</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">can_fetch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;*&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;http://www.musi-cal.com/cgi-bin/search?city=San+Francisco&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">False</span>
<span class="gp">&gt;&gt;&gt; </span><span class="n">rp</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">can_fetch</span><span class="p">(</span><span class="s">&quot;*&quot;</span><span class="p">,</span> <span class="s">&quot;http://www.musi-cal.com/&quot;</span><span class="p">)</span>
<span class="go">True</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</div>


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